Substance Abuse

What is substance abuse?

Substance abuse is the repeated ingestion of toxic substances such as alcohol or illegal drugs, which have a profoundly negative impact on the brains of users. The brain, a complex network of neurons, is crucial for processing and transmitting important information. However, alcohol and drugs disrupt this process, altering the way brain cells process signals.

Drug use, which can lead to taking more than the recommended or safe amount, known as an overdose, and the subsequent sudden stop of drug use, known as withdrawal, can have devastating neurological and psychological effects. For instance, substance use may impact behaviour, feelings, thoughts and perceptions.

People get addicted to certain substances due to an elevation in mood, stimulating a pleasurable experience.

Types of Substances Typically Abused Include the Following:

• Cocaine, an illegal substance, has life-altering effects on the brain, which, apart from other cognitive disorders, can result in acute or chronic paranoia, a short attention span and impaired verbal and visual memory.
• Cannabis, a drug abused by many, can have detrimental effects such as uneasiness, depression and delusions, along with deficits in cognitive function such as memorisation and attention span.
• Opioids, by stimulating the release of endorphins, the feel-good hormone, provide instant pleasure. However, this instant gratification comes with a high price-they are known as highly addictive substances.
• Alcohol, when abused, can have a profound impact on the brain. However, the real challenge often comes with the withdrawal of alcohol after chronic use, a period that can be fraught with difficulties.

It's not uncommon for individuals to become dependent on these highly addictive substances in an attempt to regulate their emotions and maintain their daily routine. However, when they abruptly stop using the substance, they often experience withdrawal symptoms and a significant shift in mood.

If you or someone you know has developed a habitual addiction to these substances, it's important to take action. Consider visiting a rehabilitation centre where you can receive nutritional supplementation to elevate the production of neurotransmitters. Coupled with counselling, this proactive step not only aids in recovery but also shows a sense of responsibility towards your health and well-being.

© 2026 Dr Adelbert Scholtz, Christian Counselling Psychologist.

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